What is a Botnet and How Does it Work?
A botnet is a network of internet-connected computers or devices, such as IoT gadgets and routers, infected with malware that allows cybercriminals to take remote control without the device owners’ knowledge or consent. Each compromised device, or “bot,” works together in unison at the command of a cybercriminal, called a bot-herder, to perform tasks that might range from spreading malware to launching denial-of-service attacks and stealing data.
Attackers use a combination of tactics to infect devices, including exploit kits, web downloads, and phishing email attachments. Once infected, a device or computer might become part of a botnet by connecting to a command-and-control (C&C) server via the web. The C&C server sends instructions to the infected devices, directing them to perform certain tasks. Some bots have wormable properties, which allow them to spread to other devices on the same network.
As threat actors continue to leverage these powerful tools, it’s important for businesses and individuals to understand the risks and defend against them. By following good security practices and staying alert to suspicious activity, you can protect your devices and networks from these automated threats.
Early warning signs of a botnet infection include slower-than-normal response times and sluggish applications. Other symptoms may include frequent system crashes or blue screens, unexplained application errors, and abnormal or high data usage. Recognizing these signals and using reputable antivirus and anti-malware tools with behavioral monitoring, network protection, and threat intelligence can help detect, isolate, and remove malware before it becomes an active infection.