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Malware is any type of software designed to harm your computer, steal data, or cause damage. It is generally used by hackers to achieve their goals, and there are many types of malware that vary in their objectives and delivery methods.

Viruses, Trojan horses, and worms are some of the most common types of malware. They usually work by attaching themselves to other programs or files on your system and spreading to others through code injections. The ability to spread through this means is one of the defining characteristics that distinguishes viruses from other types of malware.

Some cybercriminals use malware to steal valuable information, such as credit card or login credentials, and then sell that data on the black market. Others have more destructive purposes, such as sabotage that targets critical infrastructure like electrical grids and water plants. These types of attacks can be very costly for businesses and governments, and are often the source of high-profile news stories.

Other forms of malware are used to spy on your activities. These programs usually operate in the background, collecting information and silently sending it to an attacker. In some cases, these types of programs can even control your computer remotely.

Other malicious software exploits flaws in a device’s firmware, allowing the attacker to take full control of your system and steal your data without your knowledge. This type of attack is called a zero-day exploit, and is a growing threat in the cybersecurity landscape.