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Data Breach is when sensitive and critical information is exposed to unauthorized parties. This could be an intentional attack like hacking, or simply an accidental breach by someone sending confidential information to the wrong email address.

Hackers are often behind these incidents, acting alone or in a group. They search for a target’s vulnerabilities, which can include outdated software, missing patched systems and employee susceptibility to phishing attacks. They then use those weaknesses to breach the system and steal data. The attackers can then sell the data on the Dark Web or use it for malicious purposes.

Malicious hackers can cause real harm to people whose personal information is breached. For example, if hackers get a person’s banking details, it’s easy for them to drain their accounts and ruin the person’s credit rating. People who suffer identity theft as a result of a breach can also spend money on their credit cards, lose valuables or even become targets of criminals trying to exploit them for more data breaches.

Companies whose reputations are damaged by a data breach can see their share prices and profits drop. People can also associate them with the incident for a long time and, in some cases, will no longer trust that company. It’s also possible for government organizations to be breached, exposing sensitive information such as military operations, political dealings or details of critical infrastructure. This can hurt a country’s international standing and cause lasting damage to the public’s trust in a government or military body.