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Antivirus is software that detects, prevents and removes viruses and malware from computers or laptops. Malicious software, or malware, is code that does something bad – like corrupt files, spy on your activity, mine bitcoin at your expense, or even encrypt your personal files and demand payment to return them (ransomware).

Traditional antivirus programs protect against known threats using a database of malicious codes, but today’s sophisticated cyberattacks are often too fast for off-the-shelf solutions. This is why a modern antivirus solution uses multiple, complementary detection techniques.

Real-Time Protection

The best antivirus software scans your computer and files in real time to protect against existing threats as they’re detected. This can include monitoring network activity, using behavioural analysis to spot suspicious patterns and ensuring files and programs aren’t running in the background where they might be able to access files or steal data.

Some antivirus programs use sandbox analysis to run suspect files in a virtual environment separate from the system to check whether their behaviour is malicious. This can help detect new types of malware and ensure that any program or file is safe to run on your system.

Other antivirus software uses cloud-based detection, sending details about unknown programs to the cloud for further analysis. This allows the program to benefit from the collective intelligence of a large community of users and identify suspicious or dangerous behaviour that might not have been noticed previously. This is especially useful for identifying evasive malware that’s designed to bypass traditional signature-based detection.