How Malware Infects Your Computer
Malware (malicious software) is a type of computer program designed to infect a device and wreak havoc in multiple ways. It comes in a variety of forms, including viruses, worms, Trojans, spyware and more. Attackers use malware to steal, extort, or otherwise manipulate data and devices. It can also cause system crashes and other problems that disrupt operations and cost money for individuals, businesses, and governments. The days when most malware was created by teenage pranksters are long gone, and attacks are increasingly carried out by sophisticated criminal organizations.
The most common method of infection is through compromised websites, downloadable apps, or suspicious emails. Cybercriminals can hide malware within legitimate documents, PDF viewers, word processors, and other programs so that when you open them, they run without your knowledge or create a hole in your security for further exploitation.
Other methods of infection include stealing passwords through brute force attacks, recording keystrokes via keyboard loggers, or inserting adware or other unwanted software. Viruses and worms spread by attaching to legitimate files and spreading from device to device, while Trojans hide behind the scenes and stay dormant until triggered by specific conditions.
Indicators of compromise can include unexplained system or device failures, changes in security settings, or a loss of disk space. Disconnecting an infected device from the Internet can prevent it from communicating with command and control servers, downloading additional malicious components, or spreading to other systems on your network.