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Firewall is a robust shield that protects your network and devices from cyber threats by filtering and controlling traffic according to set rules. This is done to prevent hacking and other types of malicious attacks that can compromise your sensitive data. It also helps in preventing attackers from using the same open pathways to access other government agencies.

Packet Filtering – Basically, a firewall analyzes packets to identify issues and flag them for blocking. It looks at a variety of aspects in each packet, including source and destination addresses, media type, and other characteristics. This information is compared to a database of pre-determined filters/flags and the ones that match are allowed to pass through.

Stateful Inspection – Unlike basic packet filtering, this type of firewall keeps track of all active connections and a list of the statuses of each one. When a new packet is received, it compares the information to its existing connection table and lets it through or blocks it. This is effective against Denial of Service (DoS) attacks as it limits the amount of data that is forwarded between networks.

Application Layer Firewalls – These firewalls operate at the session level of the OSI model and can be effective against web application attacks, like SQL injection or cross-site request forgery. These firewalls can also be used to control traffic between different zones of a network by establishing trust relationships between them. They can be more in-depth with their analysis because they are able to read and evaluate application-level data as opposed to IP address, ports, and other basic packet protocols that are filtered by traditional packet filters.