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Antivirus software keeps your computers, phones, and tablets free of malware threats by prevention, detection, and removal. The best antivirus suites also offer extras, like ransomware protection, firewalls, and more. You’ll want to choose a plan that covers your needs and budget.

Most antivirus programs begin by checking files and programs against a database of known malware signatures. This can identify malicious code if it’s present, but it doesn’t detect new malware that hasn’t been seen before. For this reason, many antivirus software suites also use other detection methods, like behavioral detection. This looks at the behavior of programs and files to spot suspicious activity, such as trying to access sensitive data or alter system settings without permission.

This can also detect malware that might not have a specific name or fingerprint but is similar in behavior to other malicious code. The program then uses this information to create a signature for that type of malware and block it from your computer. This is called heuristic detection.

As hackers produce more malware and attacks become more complex, antivirus programs need to use multiple detection methods to stop them. This includes using cloud analysis, which sends a sample of malware to the antivirus vendor’s servers for testing and signature creation. This can help speed up the time it takes to detect new threats. It can also reduce the number of false positives, which occur when the software erroneously identifies a secure file or program as malware.