Malware and Ransomware – What is Malware and How Does it Affect You?
Malware, short for malicious software, is code designed to harm devices or steal data. It can slow performance, spawn pop-ups, cause device or system crashes and hijack features. It can even encrypt files or send information back to the attacker. Malware threats often spread through hacked websites, risky downloads and phishing emails. Major types include adware, spyware, viruses, worms, Trojan horses, cryptominers, botnets and ransomware.
Signs of malware infection may include a computer or device that runs slowly, has more pop-up ads than usual or is frequently infected with suspicious programs. Other warning signs include a loss of disk space, an unusual swell in internet activity or a home page that has been changed or is redirecting to a fake website.
Trojans disguise themselves as legitimate programs and then activate to do damage. They may also create remote access pathways or steal information to sell or use. Viruses hide inside other programs and lie dormant until the program is opened and executes their code. They can then destroy data, spam email contacts and infect other systems on the network. Unlike a virus, a worm requires no host program to replicate and spread.
Ransomware holds data hostage until the victim pays a ransom. Attacks can cause business disruptions and slow down productivity. Worse, public knowledge of an attack can erode trust and impact long-term customer relationships. Malware attacks are not limited to desktop computers and laptops; mobile devices and the Internet of Things (IoT) also pose serious risks due to their vulnerable operating systems.