What Is Cyber-Security?
Cyber-security is the practice of protecting networks, devices and data from unauthorized access or criminal use. It is the foundation of our modern society that relies on technology for communication (email, smartphones, tablets), entertainment (interactive video games, social media, apps), transportation (car navigation systems), shopping (e-commerce sites, credit cards) and medicine (medical equipment, medical records).
Hackers and other attackers vary in motivation from thrill seekers to state sponsored cyberwarfare actors. Identifying them is difficult because they often operate using proxies, temporary anonymous dial-up accounts and wireless connections that make back-tracing impossible or time consuming. Furthermore, once they gain access to a network they usually delete logs and cover their tracks.
Despite these risks, cybersecurity is becoming increasingly important to all industries. For example, ransomware attacks are a growing threat to almost every industry, including local governments, non-profits and healthcare providers. Threats to supply chains, “.gov” websites and critical infrastructure are also on the rise.
Fortunately, there are many ways to improve an organization’s cyber security posture. Frequent data backups, for example, provide a snapshot of a previous system state that can be restored in the event of a disaster. Using encryption software allows organizations to secure data in transit, making it nearly impossible for hackers to read. Zero trust security, which requires users to verify their identity before they gain access to the network, protects against phishing attempts and other social engineering tactics. And end-user education helps to prevent breaches caused by employees accidentally introducing malware into the system (e.g., deleting an email attachment or plugging in an unidentified USB device).